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Conditions and procedures

What hernia surgery includes

What is hernia surgery?

The type of hernia you have depends on where it develops. The most common hernias form in the groin or near the navel. Others form elsewhere in the abdomen, and some form at the site of a previous surgery.

Hernias can appear on both sides of the body, can come back in the same spot after a repair, and some people have more than one type at the same time. Our surgeons evaluate the hernia, discuss the repair options, and explain what recovery involves.

Each procedure below is one our surgeons perform. Whether any of them is right for you is a decision you make with your surgeon.

  • Inguinal Hernia

    A hernia in the groin, where tissue pushes through a weak spot in the lower abdominal wall. This is the most common type.

  • Umbilical Hernia

    A hernia at or very near the navel, where the abdominal wall is naturally thinner.

  • Incisional Hernia

    A hernia that develops at the site of a previous abdominal surgery, where the healed incision is weaker than the surrounding wall.

  • Ventral Hernia

    A general term for a hernia through the front wall of the abdomen.

  • Epigastric Hernia

    A hernia in the upper abdomen, between the navel and the breastbone.

  • Spigelian Hernia

    An uncommon hernia that forms along the side of the abdominal wall rather than at the midline.

  • Femoral Hernia

    A hernia lower in the groin, near the top of the thigh, close to where large blood vessels pass into the leg.

Common reasons patients are referred

  • A bulge in the groin, at the navel, or in the abdominal wall
  • Discomfort that increases with lifting, coughing, or standing
  • A hernia that has returned after a previous repair
  • A hernia found during an exam or on imaging

When professional evaluation may be appropriate

  • You can see or feel a bulge that becomes more noticeable when you strain
  • The area is uncomfortable during everyday activity
  • A previously soft bulge becomes firm, tender, or will not flatten — seek care promptly
  • You have severe pain, vomiting, or a hard, painful bulge — this is an emergency; call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room

If your symptoms feel urgent

Severe or sudden pain, a high fever, bleeding that will not stop, chest pain, or trouble breathing needs immediate attention. Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room rather than waiting for an appointment or using a website form.

About this information

The information on this website is general education about conditions our surgeons treat. It is not medical advice, a diagnosis, or a treatment recommendation, and it cannot tell you whether you need surgery. Please speak with your physician about your own care.

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